The trait perspective and the ten personality disorders Essay

One of the major theoretical areas in the study of the personality is the trait perspective. It suggests that individual personalities are comprised of broad dispositions, and it identifies and measures the characteristics that they are made up of (Cherry). The trait perspective helps to identify a person’s personality type (Myers). This perspective focuses on the difference between individual personalities and the traits that shape them. A trait is a stable characteristic that causes an individual to behave a certain way. A person’s personality is made up of a special combination of various traits that are unique to each individual (Cherry). In 1936, psychologist Gordon Allport categorized all of the traits into three levers:†¦show more content†¦There are ten personality disorders, each of which describes different malfunctions in the person’s characteristic combination. These disorders are categorized into three clusters; cluster A, cluster B, and cluster C. Disorders are placed into the cluster with other similar disorders. Cluster A is the â€Å"odd, eccentric† cluster, so paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder fit into this group. Cluster B is the â€Å"dramatic, emotional, erratic† cluster; it contains antisocial personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, histrionic personality disorder, and narcis sistic personality disorder. And lastly, cluster C is the â€Å"anxious, fearful† group, in which avoidant personality disorder, dependant personality disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder are placed (Hoermann). First of the disorders of cluster A is paranoid personality disorder. With this disorder, the patient normally has a history of pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others. He or she will almost always believe the motives of others to be malevolent. Someone with this disorder will have extreme paranoia, causing him or her to think that everyone is out to harm him or her, even though there is no evidence to prove this, which results in the destruction of virtually every relationship he or she has. A person with paranoid personality disorder is self-sufficient and has a strong sense of autonomy. He or she wouldShow MoreRelatedEssay on Family Dysfunction and Anorexia: Is there a correlation?1227 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Each year millions of people in the United States develop serious and often fatal eating disorders. More than ninety percent of those are adolescent and young women. The consequences of eating disorders are often severe--one in ten end in death from either starvation, cardiac arrest, or suicide. Due to the recent awareness of this topic, much time and money has been attributed to eating disorders. 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Anthropology Relation with Other Social Sciences - 2821 Words

Anthropology (from the Greek word á ¼â€žÃŽ ½ÃŽ ¸Ã Ãâ€°Ãâ‚¬ÃŽ ¿Ãâ€š, human or person) consists of the study of humanity (see genus Homo). The discipline is a holistic study, concerned with all humans, at all times, in all humanitys dimensions. Anthropology is traditionally distinguished from other disciplines by its emphasis on cultural relativity, in-depth examination of context, and cross-cultural comparisons. Anthropology is methodologically diverse, using both qualitative and quantitative methods, such as firsthand case studies of living cultures, careful excavations of material remains, and interpretations of both living and extinct linguistic practices. In North America and other Western cultures, anthropology is traditionally broken down into four main†¦show more content†¦Anthropology grew increasingly distinct from natural history, and by the end of the nineteenth century, it had begun to crystallize into its modern form. By 1935, for example, it was possible for T. K. Penniman to write a history of the discipline entitled A Hundred Years of Anthropology. Early anthropology was dominated by proponents of unilinealism, who argued that all societies passed through a single evolutionary process, from the most primitive to the most advanced. Non-European societies were thus seen as evolutionary living fossils, which could be studied in order to understand the European past. Sch olars wrote histories of prehistoric migrations that were sometimes valuable, but often also fanciful. It was during this time that Europeans, such as Paul Rivet, first accurately traced Polynesian migrations across the Pacific Ocean—though some of them believed those emigrations had originated in Egypt. Finally, concepts of race were developed with a view to better understand the nature of the biological variation within the human species, and tools such as anthropometry were devised as a means of measuring and categorizing this variation, not just within the genus Homo, but in fossil hominids and primates as well. Unfortunately, racialist concepts were abused by a few and gave rise to theories of scientific racism, which died out by the middleShow MoreRelatedThe Origins Of Structural Anthropology1030 Words   |  5 Pages2015 Claude Levi Strauss THE ORIGINS OF STRUCTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY Structural analysis, at its core, is an attempt to comprehend things beyond the system of human understanding. It’s meant to be an objective, purely scientific approach untarnished by human cultural and social systems. Claude Là ©vi-Strauss saw this pure science being applied in linguistics, among the social sciences, and applied its objective principles and methods to anthropology. 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DHL Express GIS Solution free essay sample

DHL was an innovative leader in the worldwide shipping business for many years. The company joined in Deutsche Post which is modern privatized German mail service. Deutsche Post made Airbone Express to join thier company and integrated Airbone Express in to DHL. By this way, Deutsche Post created DHL Express in 2003. DHL Express is a large company, which employs 550. 000 people and manages the shipment packages and goods in 220 countries and territories. In this case, DHL Express seeks for an improvement focused on Pickup and Delivery System in Sweden. Due to DHL Express’s system in the case, drivers of fleet were spending average 30 minutes of their shift for adjustments, which is an valuable time for a large company such as DHL Express. 2. Problem of The Company DHL Express always on lookout for improving their business. In the case, the company tackled the challenge of streamlining their Pickup and Delivery system in Sweden. We will write a custom essay sample on DHL Express GIS Solution or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In sweden DHL express Operates 1. 400 vehicles. PuD represents 40% of the total cost of DHL’s daily operations. Every morning, DHL drivers were spending 30 minutes of their time on tour sorting goods that needed to be delivered. At that time packages were being sorted by postal codes, resulting in piles of shipments shared by four or five vehicles. Drivers were speding time looking though piles, then they were moving the packages to their gates. Which means, Long searching time Long loading time Hence, too much room left for human error. 3. Solution DHL Express choice was ESRI Geographic Information System software to improve sorting and sequincing in the loading area. Software is using a mainframe enviroment. By this way, DHL Express will be able to allocate resources through the Web to each terminal. Staff members will be allowed to use ArcGIS (GIS software’s name) to manage routes and stops. Also,staff will be able to edit geographic data when its needed. Whereby,all sequincing is done at night. ArcG? s Works in several steps, Data entry staff enter the information fort he next day’s deliveries into the main computer system Information is loaded into ArcGIS server ( where shipment adresses are geocoded and checked against a map to determine the zone to each shipment belongs) Zones are created based on routes and drivers These zones are clustered and optimized into tours based on allocation rules and driver input. Lastly, delivery notes and sort code file synchronized with shipments. 4. Benefits Deliveries are placed at the correct gates by the time drivers arrive at the terminal. Being able to optimize the number of tours per terminal help DHL minimize its fleet and driving distances of each vehicle. Optimizing routes daily reduces the effort and resources needed during peak shipment periods. 5. Results Now, DHL express is able to sort to each particular tour instead of a larger, less specific postal code. Whereby, they reduced the time spent and manpower needed to sort, search, and sequence the loading area by 50% which means time savings are equivalent to 30 minutes per tour per day(600 man hours each day) . As a result, DHL Express opreates 1200 tours per day from terminals. DHL Express created an optimum network by using ArcGIS, this lowered total transportation cost and minimized the distance driven by each vehicle. Optimized tours also lowered Pickup and Delivery and fleet cost. By ArcGIS, correct prices and delivery time Windows can be given to clients, which increases satisfaction and fosters customer loyalty. To sum up; Bottom line results are increased Service to customers improved Accurate drive times decreased Company’s impact on the enviroment is lessened.

Midwifery Profession Pros And Cons Essays - Midwifery, Childbirth

Midwifery Profession: Pros And Cons Support for the Midwifery Profession: Pros and Cons The tradition of midwifery virtually disappeared in Canada during the early part of this century. Several generations of women gave up childbirth at home to the medical profession. They did this in the name of safety and pain relief, or simply because the option of being cared for by a midwife no longer existed. Midwifery should be re-instated as a legal and honourable profession. With healthy pregnancies and under normal conditions, women should give birth at home with the professional assistance of a midwife. The most common argument against home births and midwifery are perpetuated by the medical establishment. As a profession, they openly oppose to lay midwifery, and as Dr. William Hall, president of the College of Physicians, said, he and the college oppose home births because they feel it is unsafe. (Ramondt, 1990) Undoubtedly, the medical profession is correct in protesting home births in certain cases. Some pregnancies are difficult and some births are problematic. It is not difficult to concede that there are times when sound medical intervention is a necessity and a blessing. To insist, though, that every birth requires a hospital setting and the attendance of a doctor with ten years training is, as many experts in the field agree, rather ludicrous. A study done by Dr. Lewis Mehl (cited in Barringtonm, 1985), matched a population of 421 women attended by physicians with 421 women attended by midwifes at home. The midwife sample fared far better with significantly less fetal distress, birth injuries, and infants needing resuscitation. The former head of the International Confederation of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Dr. Caldero Barcia, goes as far to state that, iatrogenia (doctor-caused illness) is the main cause of fetal distress (Barrington, 1985, p. 122). Furthermore, the routine of use of medical procedures initially developed to protect high-risk mothers and babies are often used by doctors simply as preventive measures. An episiotomy (cutting the perineum) is done in 80% of hospital births. Midwives use it less than 1% of the time. Labour is induced 40% of the time in hospitals; whereas, midwives never induce births. Cesarean sections are performed in 16.3% of hospital births while they rate for midwifery is only 307% (Hopkins, 1990). Some doctors will argue the comparison of the rates ignores the reality that hospitals deal with most of the high-risk births. According to Dr. Malcolm Brown, a health care economist at the University of Calgary, however, the high rate of cesareans done in hospitals is because, doctors find it convenient and they make money on them (Ramondt, 1990). Physicians also collect extra fees for inducing labour and for giving spinal blocks. These realities make it questionable whether or not to use these proce dures are used in only high-risk situations as originally intended. As well, giving birth at home offers parents and opportunity that hospitals cannot give. At home they are free to create an atmosphere of their own choosing for the birth. These greatly increase the chance for both parents to have a meaningful and personal experience. There is comfort and convenience in having the midwife come to them in surroundings that are familiar and emotionally safe. Eleanor Barrington (1985) states that studies suggest that a mother's biting experience relates to the baby's motor and cognitive development at two and six months of age (p. 122). Feeling good about the birth experience would appear to enhance the mother/child relationship and, consequently, the child's development. This is a consideration that midwives take seriously and is reflected in the quality of care and support that they offer throughout the entire experience. Finally, a home birth presided over by a midwife is, in the long run, less costly. Alberta Health Care pays physicians $284 for a delivery. This does not include costs for hospitalization, pre- or post-natal care, or any additional costs that may arise out of inducement of labour, cesareans, spinal blocks, or other services. The cost for an average hospital bed per night is $450. With the average stay for a birth being three to seven days, the cost to the taxpayer is very high. Midwives, on the other hand, charge between $400 and $1000 for a package that includes pre-natal